Linux分区删除后恢复

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摘要

因为一些缘故，一个数据分区被删除了，然后系统分区被重装了（并没有覆盖到数据分区），本文介绍如何进行分区恢复

安装testdisk

yum install libewf-20140608-1.el7.1.x86_64.rpm ntfs-3g-2017.3.23-11.el7.x86_64.rpm testdisk-7.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

使用testdisk重建分区表

  1. 命令行重直接键入testdisk，出现如下页面，默认选择Create，直接敲Enter即可
  1. 选择要进行恢复的盘，我这只有一块盘，所以直接Enter
  1. 选择分区类型，这里选择Intel类型的分区表类型
  1. 默认选择Analyse，默认选择Enter，然后会先显示分区表
  1. 默认选择Quick Search，直接Enter，会分析出来丢失的分区
  1. 分析出来了丢失的分区，直接Enter继续
  1. 选择Write写入分区表，然后会确认，键入Y即可
  1. 然后一直选Quit退出
  2. 重启系统

使用fsck.ext4修复分区

重启后（其实不重启也）能通过fdisk -l看到已经找回来的分区，

# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 999.7 GB, 999653638144 bytes, 1952448512 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000e6536

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     4196351     2097152   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         4196352   213911551   104857600   83  Linux
/dev/sda3       213911552  1952448511   869268480   83  Linux

但是还是无法挂载，需要用fsck.ext4来先检查一下

# fsck.ext4 -n -v /dev/sda3
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
/dev/sda3 was not cleanly unmounted, check forced.
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Free blocks count wrong for group #86 (32768, counted=0).
Fix? no

Free blocks count wrong for group #87 (32768, counted=0).
Fix? no

Free blocks count wrong for group #88 (32768, counted=0).
Fix? no

......

Free inodes count wrong for group #6144 (8192, counted=8191).
Fix? no

Directories count wrong for group #6144 (0, counted=1).
Fix? no

Free inodes count wrong (54329333, counted=54329326).
Fix? no


/dev/sda3: ********** WARNING: Filesystem still has errors **********


          11 inodes used (0.00%, out of 54329344)
           0 non-contiguous files (0.0%)
           0 non-contiguous directories (0.0%)
             # of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 0/0/0
             Extent depth histogram: 8/2
     3463073 blocks used (1.59%, out of 217317120)
           0 bad blocks
           2 large files

           5 regular files
           4 directories
           0 character device files
           0 block device files
           0 fifos
           0 links
           0 symbolic links (0 fast symbolic links)
           0 sockets
------------
           9 files

然后会提示该分区中有很多的错误

然后使用fsck.ext4 -y -v /dev/sda3进行修复

# fsck.ext4 -y -v /dev/sda3
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
/dev/sda3 was not cleanly unmounted, check forced.
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Free blocks count wrong for group #86 (32768, counted=0).
Fix? yes

Free blocks count wrong for group #87 (32768, counted=0).
Fix? yes

......

Directories count wrong for group #6144 (0, counted=1).
Fix? yes

Free inodes count wrong (54329333, counted=54329326).
Fix? yes


/dev/sda3: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****

          18 inodes used (0.00%, out of 54329344)
           0 non-contiguous files (0.0%)
           0 non-contiguous directories (0.0%)
             # of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 0/0/0
             Extent depth histogram: 8/2
     6556189 blocks used (3.02%, out of 217317120)
           0 bad blocks
           2 large files

           5 regular files
           4 directories
           0 character device files
           0 block device files
           0 fifos
           0 links
           0 symbolic links (0 fast symbolic links)
           0 sockets
------------
           9 files

最后就能成功挂载了，没有报错，能读到之前的文件

mount /dev/sda3 local-disk/