使用Docker搭建ShareLatex
摘要
本文介绍如何使用Docker搭建自己的ShareLatex平台，以及Latex的基本语法。
简介
有时候处于一定的保密目的，不希望把自己的论文放在公共平台上，所以有一个自己的类似overleaf的平台来进行latex写作并与他人协作，就很有必要了。
搭建ShareLatex
基础搭建
完全参照这个教程做即可https://github.com/overleaf/overleaf/wiki/Quick-Start-Guide
针对docker exec sharelatex tlmgr install scheme-full太慢的问题，可以更换镜像，更换清华源镜像使用如下命令
docker exec sharelatex tlmgr install scheme-full设置SMTP自动发邮件
这里我是用QQ企业邮箱来发送邮件的（QQ邮箱同理）
修改docker-compose.yml中的如下环境变量
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_FROM_ADDRESS: "[要用来发送邮件的邮箱]"
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_HOST: smtp.exmail.qq.com
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_PORT: 465
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_SECURE: 'true'
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_USER: [要用来发送邮件的邮箱]
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_PASS: [要用来发送邮件的邮箱的密码，注意是QQ邮箱帮你自动生成的那个]
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_TLS_REJECT_UNAUTH: 'true'
SHARELATEX_EMAIL_SMTP_IGNORE_TLS: 'false'设置好了必须把容器彻底删了再重启才能生效，可以在http://ip:port/launchpad中测试
设置反向代理
参考https://github.com/overleaf/overleaf/wiki/HTTPS-reverse-proxy-using-Nginx
如果反向代理没有设置好，会出现shatelatex中的项目打不开的问题。官方建议是用的是Nginx的反向代理
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name sharelatex.hpclab.tech;
ssl_certificate /root/ssl/sharelatex.hpclab.tech/pem;
ssl_certificate_key /root/ssl/sharelatex.hpclab.tech/key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# used cloudflares ciphers https://github.com/cloudflare/sslconfig/blob/master/conf
ssl_ciphers EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+AES128:RSA+AES128:EECDH+AES256:RSA+AES256:EECDH+3DES:RSA+3DES:!MD5;
# config to enable HSTS(HTTP Strict Transport Security) https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Security/HTTP_Strict_Transport_Security
# to avoid ssl stripping https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSL_stripping#SSL_stripping
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains;";
server_tokens off;
add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
client_max_body_size 50M;
location / {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.2:8888; # change to whatever host/port the docker container is listening on.
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_read_timeout 3m;
proxy_send_timeout 3m;
}
}增加字体
参考 https://www.ivdone.cn/article/296.html
新建一个文件夹把你需要的字体放进去，然后在docker-compose.yml中将这个文件夹挂载到sharelatex容器中对应地方
/ssd-raid/sharelatex/data/my_fonts:/usr/share/fonts/my_fonts然后需要删除实例，重建实例
一个推荐的方法是使用fontset=adobe，然后下载如下字体
wget https://cs.fit.edu/code/projects/ndworld/repository/revisions/12/raw/Resources/Fonts/AdobeSongStd-Light.otf
wget https://cs.fit.edu/code/projects/ndworld/repository/revisions/12/raw/Resources/Fonts/AdobeHeitiStd-Regular.otf
wget https://cs.fit.edu/code/projects/ndworld/repository/revisions/12/raw/Resources/Fonts/AdobeKaitiStd-Regular.otf
wget https://cs.fit.edu/code/projects/ndworld/repository/revisions/11/raw/Resources/Fonts/AdobeFangsongStd-Regular.otf
# 更多字体可以访问https://cs.fit.edu/code/projects/ndworld/repository/revisions/12/raw/Resources/Fonts/不然会出现CJK相关的warning，虽然据说不影响最终效果，但是让人不舒服
Latex基础语法
把下面这堆东西丢进一个新项目里编译，然后对照着编译出来的和源码学习即可
% This latex file shows some basic grammar of latex.
% The area before "\begin{document}" is called the preamble. Some definition must be put at here.
\documentclass{article}
% Define the type of this document, Other types of documents you may be working on may require different classes such as book or report.
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
% This is the encoding for the document. It can be omitted or changed to another encoding but utf-8 is recommended. Unless you specifically need another encoding, or if you are unsure about it, add this line to the preamble.
\title{Basic Latex Grammar}
% The title of this document
\author{Orange666 \thanks{https://sharelatex.hpclab.tech}}
% The author of this document. The "\thanks" will add a superscript and a footnote.
\date{\today}
% You can enter the date manually or use the command \today so the date will be updated automatically at the time you compile your document
\usepackage[colorlinks=true, linkcolor=blue]{hyperref}
% To use href in the document
\usepackage{graphicx}
\graphicspath{ {images/} }
% To insert pictures in document
\begin{document}
% The begin of document.
\maketitle
% Show the title, author and date defined in preamble.
\tableofcontents
% Generate contents automatically
% Abstract
\begin{abstract}
This document shows the basic use of latex.
\end{abstract}
\section{Paragraphs and newlines}
When writing the contents of your document, if you need to start a new paragraph you must hit the "Enter" key twice (to insert a blank line between paragraphs). Notice that LATEX automatically indents paragraphs but the first paragraph.
This is paragraphs 1. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is paragraphs 2. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is paragraphs 3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can insert a \textbackslash newline or \textbackslash \textbackslash \space in one code line, \newline to get a new line \\ in the same paragraph.
\section{Chapters and Sections}
The basic levels of depth are listed in table \ref{table:Section Levels}.
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
% Let the table appear in the center of the page.
\caption{Section Levels}
\label{table:Section Levels}
\begin{tabular}{|r|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Level} & \textbf{Grammar} \\ \hline
-1 & \textbackslash{}part\{part\_name\} \\ \hline
0 & \textbackslash{}chapter\{chapter\_name\} \\ \hline
1 & \textbackslash{}section\{section\} \\ \hline
2 & \textbackslash{}subsection\{subsection\} \\ \hline
3 & \textbackslash{}subsubsection\{subsubsection\} \\ \hline
4 & \textbackslash{}paragraph\{paragraph\} \\ \hline
5 & \textbackslash{}subparagraph\{subparagraph\} \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
Note that \textbackslash part and \textbackslash chapter are only available in report and book document classes.
Section numbering is automatic and can be disabled by including a * in the section command as \textbackslash section*\{\}.
\section{List}
\subsection{Unordered Lists}
\begin{itemize}
\item ----------------------------------------------------
\item ----------------------------------------------------
\item ----------------------------------------------------
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Ordered Lists}
\begin{enumerate}
\item This is the first entry in our list
\item The list numbers increase with each entry we add
\end{enumerate}
\section{Bold, italics and underlining}
This section shows how to make letters Bold, italics and underlining.
\textbf{Bold text in LaTeX is written with the $\backslash textbf\{...\}$ command.}
\textit{Italics: Italicised text in LaTeX is written with the $\backslash textit\{...\}$ command.}
\underline{Underline: Underlined text in LaTeX is written with the $\backslash underline\{...\}$ command.}
\section{Adding Images}
On Overleaf, you will first have to upload the images. The below figure \ref{fig:xipian} at page \pageref{fig:xipian} is an example on how to include a picture.
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.25\textwidth]{xipian.jpg}
\caption{An figure example}
\label{fig:xipian}
\end{figure}
There are three important commands in the example:
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbackslash caption\{...\}: Sets the caption for the figure. You can place it above or below the figure.
\item \textbackslash label\{fig:...\}: If you need to refer the image within your document, set a label with this command. The label will number the image, and combined with the next command will allow you to reference it.
\item \textbackslash ref\{fig:...\}: This code will be substituted by the number corresponding to the referenced figure.
\end{itemize}
\section {Adding Table}
This table \ref{table:Example of Table} shows how to make a table. Many attributes is similar to images.
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
% Let the table appear in the center of the page.
\begin{tabular}{ c c c }
% Start of the table. Declare that there are three columns in this table
cell 1,1 & cell 1,2 & cell 1,3 \\
cell 2,1 & cell 2,2 & cell 2,3 \\
cell 3,1 & cell 3,2 & cell 3,3
\end{tabular}
\caption{Example of Table}
\label{table:Example of Table}
\end{table}
For convenient, just use \href{https://www.tablesgenerator.com/}{tables generator} to generate tables automatically.
\section*{Reference}
\end{document}一些debug记录
'h' float specifier changed to 'ht'
一般出现在使用了\begin{table}[h]的地方，但是warning不会准确地定位其所在位置，需要自己找到，并修改为\begin{table}[H]